
_Verifying the SHA-256 checksum of a Kali Linux ISO download against the hash
published on kali.org, using macOS's built-in `shasum` command_

Before installing any security tooling, I want to know two things: that the
file I downloaded is actually the file the distributor built, and that
whatever I do with it next stays isolated from my main system. This project
covers both: verifying a Kali Linux `.iso` with a SHA-256 checksum on macOS,
then installing it into an isolated virtual machine.

## Verifying the download

macOS ships with `shasum` built in, so no third-party tools are needed to
check a download's integrity. Running `shasum -a 256` against the downloaded
`.iso` produces a SHA-256 hash, a fixed-length "fingerprint" of the file.
It gets compared against the checksum kali.org publishes for that same
build. A match means the file wasn't corrupted or tampered with in transit;
any change to the file, even a single bit, produces a completely different
hash.

## Installing in an isolated VM

Verifying the download is only half the job. The other half is making sure
that running security tools like Wireshark, or testing anything exploit- or
protocol-related, stays contained to a disposable environment instead of
touching the host Mac. I used [UTM](https://mac.getutm.app/) (free,
QEMU-based) to run Kali on Apple Silicon, which is a straightforward path but
comes with a handful of ARM64/QEMU-specific quirks: a CD/DVD drive reference
that doesn't fully clear via the UI, a graphical installer that can go
visually blank (worked around with a Serial console device), and a LUKS
disk-encryption prompt that renders invisibly at early boot due to a
keyboard-layout mismatch between typed and pasted input.

## More on this project

This isn't a step-by-step install tutorial. Plenty of those already exist.
The checksum verification steps, SHA-256 background, and the specific UTM
quirks and fixes above are written up in full in the
project README on GitHub.


Verifying a Kali Linux ISO download with a SHA-256 checksum on macOS using shasum, then installing it into an isolated UTM virtual machine on Apple Silicon.

projects tag: sha-256

Checksum Verification: Kali Linux Download